Natural Language Processing consists of algorithms for linguistic analysis to help machines read and understand text. NLP analyzes words for relevancy, including recognizing related words that should be considered equivalent, even if they are expressed differently (e.g., "humor" vs. "humour"). This technology enables computers to process and interpret human language. Generative AI has not only boosted interest in NLP but has also transformed NLP techniques by integrating more advanced deep learning models, particularly large language models (LLMs) based on transformers.