A data mesh is a sociotechnical framework for managing and scaling enterprise data by decentralizing ownership and promoting domain-driven data management. Introduced by Zhamak Dehghani in 2019, a data mesh is not a rigid architecture but rather a paradigm shift that acknowledges the complex interactions between people, technology, and data in large organizations. It is built on four key pillars: (1) Domain-oriented ownership, where business domains own and manage their own data, promoting scalability and cross-domain data sharing; (2) Data as a product, ensuring that data is treated as a valuable asset with defined quality, usability, and accessibility standards; (3) Self-service infrastructure, which enables teams to develop and manage data products efficiently using a unified data platform; and (4) Federated governance, which balances domain autonomy with global policies for compliance, security, and interoperability.